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Recurrence Relationshard
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Consider the matrix M=(1110)M = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{pmatrix}M=(11​10​). If (anan−1)=Mn(a0a−1)\begin{pmatrix} a_n \\ a_{n-1} \end{pmatrix} = M^n \begin{pmatrix} a_0 \\ a_{-1} \end{pmatrix}(an​an−1​​)=Mn(a0​a−1​​), what is the trace of MnM^nMn?